Generally, target tracking aims basically at estimating the location of the target while it is moving. Based target tracking 16 and hybrid cluster based target tracking 17. In overlapping clustering, the duplicated correlated data between adjacent clusters. Introduction one of the new lowcost and savingenergy network paradigms that can create applications for monitoring and controlling is. Object tracking in wireless sensor networks american university. Pdf a hybrid clusterbased target tracking protocol for. A twolevel hierarchical network topology is adopted for energyef. However, tracking a moving target in cluster based wsns. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in wireless sensor networks because of their potential usage in a wide variety of applications such as remote environmental monitoring and target tracking.
We identify three different formulations for the target tracking problem and classify the target. A level 1 network architecture is a clusterbased network topology. The cluster headbased optimization of the number of active nodes within. Sensor nodes are used in wide range of applications such as security, military, and environmental monitoring. The leader based information processing scheme is applied to perform target positioning and energy conservation. In contrast, this work proposes a distributed information compression method to describe the measurement uncertainty of tracking problems in cluster based wireless sensor networks.
Analysis of cluster based target tracking in wireless. Shalini punithavathani2 1tamizhan college of engineering and technology, tamilnadu, india 2government college of engineering, tirunelveli, india corresponding authors email. The scheme is for target detection where sensor nodes are static and target are dynamic. In consideration of the network scalability and energy efficiency for. In this paper target tracking using dynamic clustering technique has been presented. To facilitate collaborative data processing in target trackingcentric sensor networks, the cluster architecture is usually used in which sensors are organized into clusters, with each cluster consisting of a cluster head ch and several neighboring sensors members. Wireless sensor network wsn comprises of huge number of spatially distributed homogeneous or heterogeneous sensors. Dead reckoning based target tracking in wireless sensor networks. Cluster based trustable target detection and tracking scheme for wireless sensor networks c.
Predictionbased tracking technique using sequential. In section 5 we present our testbed implementation. In structureless scheme, when a node detects an object within its range, it broadcasts a. Clusterbased dynamic energy management for collaborative. The proposed target tracking scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks. Hou, dynamic clustering for acoustic target tracking in wireless sensor networks, ieee transactions on mobile computing, 2004, pp. The proposed hierarchical localization tracking scheme hlts scheme is based on hierarchical routing. We focus on the cases with overlapping cluster regions, which are particularly useful in applications involving inter cluster communications, time synchronization, and target tracking. Wireless sensor networksclusterbased target tracking and recovery algorithm. A new method for target tracking based on cluster and game theory in wireless sensor network is proposed in this paper. Classification of object tracking techniques in wireless sensor. A level 1 network architecture is a cluster based network topology. Cluster based trustable target detection and tracking. Both tracking algorithms run local particle filter sequentially at each cluster along target trajectories, but they adopt different methods of selecting measurements from.
Object tracking is one of the killer applications for wireless sensor networks wsn in which the network. Pdf target tracking in wireless sensor network semantic. Energyaware management for clusterbased sensor networks mohamed younis a, moustafa youssef b, khaled arisha c a department of computer science and electrical engineering, university of maryland, baltimore county, hilltop circle, baltimore, md 21250, usa b department of computer science, university of maryland college park, a. In wireless sensor networks generally the accuracy of target tracking strongly depends on two important factors. Generally, target tracking aims basically at estimating the location of the target while it is moving within an area of interest and consequently report it to the base station in a timely manner. When a target occurs in the sensing field of wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes begin to form cluster dynamically and then they start to negotiate with game theory. Pdf target tracking in wireless sensor network researchgate.
Each node has a simple threshold detection sensor, a small embedded processor, and a wireless module that allows it to forward its data to a central fusion center. The cluster based architecture of wireless sensor networks can also be classified as. Target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks wsns. Moving target tracking through distributed clustering in. Here we have considered the routing scheme for target detection and tracking. In 3, authors have derived the optimal number of quantization levels as well as the optimal energy allocation across bits, but they have neglected the information content relevance of measured data.
Finally, in section 7, we conclude and discuss possible future extension of our work. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed mobility management protocol, called hybrid cluster based target tracking hctt, for e cient target tracking in a largescale cluster based wsn. Generally, target tracking aims basically at estimating the location of the target while it is moving within. Kak abstractlocal data aggregation is an effective means to save sensor node energy and prolong the lifespan of wireless sensor networks. The leaderbased information processing scheme is applied to perform target positioning and energy conservation.
Dynamic clustering for acoustic target tracking in. Dynamic clusterbased protocol for target tracking in wireless sensor networks, in proc. In cluster based architecture there are several sensor. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed mobility management protocol, called hybrid clusterbased target tracking hctt, for e cient target tracking in a largescale clusterbased wsn.
An overview 1sumit chauhan, 2nabila shaikh, 1pg student, 2asst. Pdf target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks wsns. First, the number of nodes which are involved in target tracking operations, second, the sampling time intervals. K best is the set of first k solutions with the best fitness values. Requirements for wsn applications often mandate that the sensors have. In cluster tracking system, the nodes are grouped into clusters. In the proposed technique initially the sns are arranged in clusters by. A comparison study on node clustering techniques used in. The rapid progress of wireless communication and embedded micro sensing technologies has made wireless sensor networks possible. Wireless sensor networks wsns consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Section 4 gives the parameters used in the simulation and provides. Clustering techniques for object tracking in wireless.
Target tracking based on virtual grid in wireless sensor networks. Clustering techniques for object tracking in wireless sensor. Target tracking in wireless sensor networks requires efficient coordination among sensor nodes. Existing target tracking protocols focus mainly on energy efficiency, and little effort has been put into network management and realtime data routing, which are also very important issues for target tracking. Wireless sensor networks cluster based target tracking and recovery algorithm. The cluster based target tracking can be further divided into two approaches, static clustering and dynamic clustering 2 12 14. Cluster based trustable target detection and tracking scheme. Energyaware management for cluster based sensor networks mohamed younis a, moustafa youssef b, khaled arisha c a department of computer science and electrical engineering, university of maryland, baltimore county, hilltop circle. A hybrid clusterbased target tracking protocol for wireless. Section 6 then presents the experiments carried out using the testbed. A hybrid clusterbased target tracking protocol for wireless sensor networks. Pdf wireless sensor networksclusterbased target tracking.
The application areas of wsn comprises of environmental monitoring, military surveillance, health care, industrial process control, home intelligence, security, remote metering and many more. Target tracking using interactive multiple model for wireless. The simulation results of this work demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed protocol in both the onehop and multihop cluster based sensor networks. A comparative study of target tracking approaches in wireless. Trustworthy optimized clustering based target detection and tracking for wireless sensor network 28 random number is utilized to give a randomized characteristic to the search. A single mobile target tracking in voronoibased clustered. International journal of distributed dynamic cluster heads. Target tracking using interactive multiple model for wireless sensor. Improved clustering algorithms for target tracking in.
Cluster based key management in wireless sensor networks. Figure 2 and 3 best describes the dead reckoning based target tracking procedure. Object tracking in wsn, classification of object tracking techniques in wsn 1. Energy eciency is one of the most important design goals for target tracking. The clusters, whose nodes are actively taking part in target detection, gather informa. Designing a predictionbased clustering algorithm for. In consideration of the network scalability and energy. Outline of multiple target tracking in acoustic wsns in this research, we assume that the wireless sensors are distributed in a fixed twodimensional uniform grid. Target tracking based on virtual grid in wireless sensor. Oct 18, 2016 target tracking is a typical and substantial application of wireless sensor networks. Flow diagram of the dynamic cluster based target tracking 9. Target tracking in a wireless sensor network wsn environment is a challenging research problem. In section 4 we present the proposed clustering protocol.
Target tracking is an important application type for wireless sensor networks wsn. Cluster based dynamic energy management for collaborative target tracking in wireless sensor networks article pdf available in sensors 77 july 2007 with 36 reads how we measure reads. In the proposed technique initially the sns are arranged in clusters by using energy efficient clustering algorithm. A novel cluster based time synchronization technique for. For tracking ground vehicles or underwater targets, wsns have been regarded as useful and are becoming increasingly available due to recent advancements in lowcost micro sensor technology. In this paper, dynamic cluster based algorithm was. Clustering techniques for object tracking in wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks wsns are composed of numerous wireless micro sensors and a centralized fusion center.
Analysis of cluster based target tracking in wireless sensor. Pdf a hybrid clusterbased target tracking protocol for wireless. Clusterbased tracking protocols involve proactive establishment of essential structure amid nodes 20,23,25,3640 or online formation through detecting targets 4144. Classification of object tracking techniques in wireless. Target tracking, virtual grid, clustering, wireless sensor networks, dynamic clustering. Introduction the techniques are mainly classified based on see figure 1 network architecture used algorithm or technique used type of sensors used. In this work, we survey of the state of the art of target tracking techniques in sensor networks.
We focus on the cases with overlapping cluster regions, which are particularly useful in applications involving intercluster communications, time synchronization, and target tracking. Wireless communications and mobile computing wirel. In overlapping cluster ing, the duplicated correlated data between adjacent clusters. Target tracking based on cluster and game theory in wireless. In order to satisfy the requirement of target tracking, the ch in reference is selected based on the nodes. A twolevel hierarchical network topology is adopted. Targettracking algorithms typically organize the network into a logical structure e. A new adaptive method for target tracking in wireless. On the other hand, the work in 4 used a vf algorithm to estimate the.
Target tracking is a killer application in wireless sensor networks wsns. Distributed object tracking using a clusterbased kalman filter in wireless camera networks henry medeiros, johnny park, member, ieee, and avinash c. Index termsclustering, prediction, target tracking, wireless. Target tracking problem is formulated by the multisensor detection model as well as energy consumption model.
Research article a hybrid clusterbased target tracking. In this paper, we propose a scalable cluster based target tracking framework, namely the. Focused on the energy problem of target tracking in wireless sensor networks, this paper proposes a cluster based dynamic energy management mechanism. An adaptive dynamic clusterbased protocol for target tracking in. Energyaware management for clusterbased sensor networks. Herdbased target tracking protocol in wireless sensor.
In section 3, a detailed analysis, highlighting concerned issues of the existing clusteringbased data aggregation approaches that are speci. In previous work, we proposed two clusterbased target tracking algorithms for vehicle tracking based on vehicles visual features in vehicular ad hoc networks. In the existing studies found in the literature, the current leader node. Distributed positioning and tracking in clusterbased. Existing methods have focused on tree based collaboration, selective activation, and group clustering. As wsn continuously monitor the environment, target tracking proved out to be one of. Designing a predictionbased clustering algorithm for target. Wireless sensor networks have been the subject of intense research in recent years. A hybrid clusterbased target tracking protocol for. The proposed novel cluster based time synchronization technique for wireless sensor networks to keep local clocks of all the sns synchronized with global clock by using less number of messages. Target tracking in wireless sensor network semantic scholar.
This paper proposes imm based tracking scheme for wireless sensor network ittwsn using. Target tracking based on a distributed particle filter in. For clusterbased tracking in wireless sensor networks wsn, di. A comparative study of target tracking approaches in. In this paper, we propose a scalable clusterbased target tracking framework, namely the. In this paper, based on a distributed particle filter, two tracking algorithms are proposed for tracking mobile targets in cluster. Using clustering for target tracking in vehicular ad hoc.
The dynamic clustering mechanism proposed performs the clustering along the route of the target movement with minimum numbers of sensor nodes to track the target object. Jun 12, 20 target tracking is a typical and important application of wireless sensor networks wsns. Target tracking using interactive multiple model for. One of the most interesting applications in wireless sensor networks is target tracking, which mainly consists in detecting and monitoring the motion of mobile targets. Figure 2 shows that when the target is within the sensor field, then the boundary sensor nodes are in sleep state. However, when a sensor network is used to track moving. A single mobile target tracking in voronoi based clustered wireless sensor network 18 identity among all the onehop sensors or onehop sensors of its onehop neighbors. Researches about target tracking with continuous monitoring mechanism can be divided into three categories. Performance evaluation of cluster based target tracking protocols for wireless sensor networks. In this study, we propose a cluster based target tracking algorithm for targets moving rapidly in wireless sensor networks. Rulebased multipletarget tracking in acoustic wireless.
In this work we have discussed applications and various issues of target tracking in wireless sensor networks and made a survey on related works. Recently, various approaches 1 11 are proposed to maintain the accurate tracking of the targets as well as low energy consumption. Distributed information compression for target tracking in. An energyefficient target tracking protocol for wireless sensor networks, prceedings of ieee in.
Predictionbased cluster management for target tracking in. Herdbased target tracking protocol in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we expand our previous work by conducting extensive performance evaluations and comparative studies of our algorithms under various scenarios. Pdf performance evaluation of clusterbased target tracking. Target tracking protocols can be mainly classified into five schemes, which are. Institute of engineering and technology 2department of ece, l.
Target tracking problem is formulated by the multi sensor detection model as well as energy consumption model. In consideration of the network scalability and energy efficiency for target tracking in largescale wsns, it has been employed as an effective solution by organizing the wsns into clusters. A primary criterion of wireless sensor network is energy efficiency. Wireless sensors are miniature devices integrated with data. In contrast, this work proposes a distributed information compression method to describe the measurement uncertainty of tracking problems in clusterbased wireless sensor networks. A survey on energy efficient target tracking techniques in. Adaptive quantized target tracking in wireless sensor networks. A new adaptive target tracking protocol in wireless sensor.
The maxmin dcluster algorithm 4 generates dhop clusters with a runtime of od round, and achieves better load balancing among the chs, generating fewer clusters than 5. Figure 1 presents a hierarchical clusterbased object tracking network. Though imm is used for target tracking in radar applications, it is not applied for target tracking in wsn as per the literature survey. Target tracking is a typical and substantial application of wireless sensor networks. Focused on the energy problem of target tracking in wireless sensor networks, this paper proposes a clusterbased dynamic energy management mechanism. New cluster is formed to track it as the target moves. Boundary static clustering target tracking in wirless sensor networks. Three sensor nodes, which are closer to the target, triangulate the target and measure2 the instantaneous speed of the target as given in equation 1.
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